This study was conducted in Tiebila and Nafoun, two villages bordering the Badenou classified forest. It aims to highlight the uses of honey by the populations of this area and their apicultural practices that can be encouraged or improved in order to exploit optimally the potential for honey production of this forest. The data were collected using documentation, direct observation in the field, 22 interviews including 14 individuals and eight focus groups. The beekeeping activity is ancestral and essentially based on the «hunt for honey» which uses fire during the harvest of honey. People use honey to meet their nutritional, therapeutic, economic and cultural needs. Several «honey hunters» and former beekeepers have shown interest in modern beekeeping as an economic opportunity. The former traditional and modern beekeepers hold some apicultural knowledge such as the selection of plant species by bees for food, the use of certain plants as attracting swarms to prepare hives to facilitate their colonization by bees. Honey is a multi-purpose product of great importance to the populations of Tiebila and Nafoun. The use of fire during harvesting honey must be avoided. The use of certain plants as attracting swarms is a traditional knowledge and beekeeping know-how whose capitalization in a project of modernization of the beekeeping should allow a reduction of the cost.

Since the start of 2020, the world has been going through an unprecedented health crisis that has had a significant geoeconomic and geopolitical implications on many emerging and developing countries. Turkey, as an emerging country located at the crossroads of multiple geographic and geopolitical areas is the subject of this paper's study, through an analysis of the different implications of the pandemic on the Turkey’s regional power ambitions, displayed since 2002 following the AKP's accession to power. For more than a decade, Turkey has pursued a proactive foreign policy based on i) asserting its status as a regional economic power; ii) an active political player in the region, with regional and global security interests and responsibilities to match. An analysis of the evolution of its aspects of power in the context of global health crisis shows that the Covid-19 related implications are unlikely to change the Turkish geopolitical landscape. On the contrary, it will rather strengthen the dimensions of its power ambitions given that the global economic and political distortions caused by the Covid-19 could offer, in the medium and long term, some positive externalities.

Based on an analysis of retrospective data tracing the professional trajectories of young people aged 18-29, this article offers an interesting reflection on the professional trajectories of young people in Benin, focusing specifically on forms of entry into the labour market, transition periods and job instability. We use specific complementary statistical analysis methods, both descriptive and explanatory, that are adapted and facilitate the study of life courses.Through a continuous time, regression model, the Cox model, we propose a better perspective for the analysis of the integration trajectories of young people in Benin. The data used come from the Survey on the Transition from School to Working Life (ETVA) conducted in Benin in 2012 by the National Institute of Statistics and Economic Analysis (INSAE).Analysis of the different forms, numbers and durations of transitions suggests that stability is compromised among young people aged 18-29 in Benin. The model highlights explanatory factors that stem from both internal and external causes.

The general objective of this research work was to assess the impact of fecal sludge discharge on the physicochemical and microbiological quality of water resources in the locality of Nomayos, a zone on the outskirts of the city of Yaoundé-Cameroon into which large quantities of raw fecal sludge from the city of Yaoundé are daily discharged. Field observations, household surveys and interviews with the emptying operators was used. Quantification and characterization of the fecal sludge collected at the discharge site and laboratory analysis of 08 groundwater samples and 06 water samples taken from the Avo'o watercourse were conducted.The average fecal coliform contents of irrigation points for vegetable crops ranged from 1012 ± 613 - 32 x 103 ± 12.80 x 102 CFU /100 mL for S0, S1, S2, and S3. The mean fecal streptococcal values for the same points are 264.20 ± 189.52 - 15.40 x 102 ± 14.20 x 102 CFU /100 mL for S0, S1, S2, S3. The average helminth egg concentrations for the different sites show that the helminth egg concentrations moved linearly to Site 3 where they reach their optimum. Then they decrease to P8 and increase progessively to P9. Sites S1, S2, S3, P8 and P9 have very high mean helminth egg concentrations of 42.33, 54.95, 71.33, 20.52 and 26.33 eggs/L respectively, compared to S0 which is 6.33. Groundwater analysis showed high concentrations of fecal pollution control germs, notably fecal coliforms and fecal streptococci.Measures for the control and protection of water resources therefore deserve to be taken in this locality for the preservation of water resources and the health of the population.

This paper studies the role of social influence in the adoption of information technology. Previous studies have demonstrated the crucial role of social interactions in the case of Open Source Software adoption behaviors for individuals. However, the literature reveals ambiguity on the definition and the measurement of social influence concept. Thus, this paper attempts to develop a kind of understanding about this ambiguity by clarifying the sources of social influence in organization: voluntary use, image, visibility, normative influence, conformity motivation. These concepts identified already in the literature are summarized into two second order constructs in the research model: group pressure and social influence. The research model developed aim to explain and predict Open Source Software adoption behavior depending on these two concepts. Data validation using the Partial least square approach has uncovered new and thorough theoretical and empirical results in the field of information technology/system adoption.