[ Analyse de la Variabilité Génétique et du Potentiel Fourrager de Huit Morphotypes de Voandzou (Vigna subterranea) ]
Volume 74, Issue 1, August 2024, Pages 38–45
NAINO JIKA Abdel Kader1, Bori Haoua2, HACHIMOU SABO Mahaman Rabiou3, Amadou Mounkaila Hamissou4, Iro Dan Guimbo5, and Ibrahim Amoukou6
1 Département des Productions Végétales, Université ABDOU Moumouni, Faculté d’Agronomie, Niamey, Niger
2 Departement cultures irriguées, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique du Niger, Niamey, Niger
3 Département des Productions Végétales, Université ABDOU Moumouni, Faculté d’Agronomie, Niamey, Niger
4 Department de Productions Végétales, Faculté d’Agronomie, Université Abdou Moumouni, BP: 10960 Niamey, Niger
5 Département de Génie Rural et Eaux & Forêts, Faculté d’Agronomie, Université Abdou Moumouni de Niamey, B.P. 10960 Niamey, Niger
6 Département des Productions Végétales, Université ABDOU Moumouni, Faculté d’Agronomie, Niamey, Niger
Original language: French
Copyright © 2024 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Vigna subterranea (commonly known as bambara groundnut) is a neglected and underutilized crop, predominantly cultivated by women on small plots in West Africa. Despite its importance in rural areas, no improved varieties are available in the Sahel countries. Although used for both its edible grains and as forage by rural farmers, very few studies have focused on the forage potential of this species. This study aims to assess the genetic variability and heritability of biomass production traits in eight morphotypes of Vigna subterranea collected from southern Niger. The traits studied include plant height (PH), number of leaves (NL), number of branches (NB), and fresh biomass weight (FBW). The experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design with three replications. The Kruskal-Wallis test revealed a significant difference between the morphotypes only for fresh biomass weight (P = 0.002). However, substantial variability was observed for all traits studied. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variation (CVG) were particularly high for FBW (PCV = 79.78%, CVG = 64.4%) and low for PH (PCV = 13.07%, CVG = 5.99%). Broad-sense heritability ranged from 21% for PH to 65% for FBW, while genetic gain ranged from 1.36 for PH to 52.12 for FBW. These results indicate significant potential for the genetic improvement of these traits, which could enhance biomass productivity and resilience of Vigna subterranea. The implications of these findings for breeding programs are discussed.
Author Keywords: bambara groundnut, genetic variability, heritability, neglected and underutilized species, Niger, Vigna subterranea.
Volume 74, Issue 1, August 2024, Pages 38–45
NAINO JIKA Abdel Kader1, Bori Haoua2, HACHIMOU SABO Mahaman Rabiou3, Amadou Mounkaila Hamissou4, Iro Dan Guimbo5, and Ibrahim Amoukou6
1 Département des Productions Végétales, Université ABDOU Moumouni, Faculté d’Agronomie, Niamey, Niger
2 Departement cultures irriguées, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique du Niger, Niamey, Niger
3 Département des Productions Végétales, Université ABDOU Moumouni, Faculté d’Agronomie, Niamey, Niger
4 Department de Productions Végétales, Faculté d’Agronomie, Université Abdou Moumouni, BP: 10960 Niamey, Niger
5 Département de Génie Rural et Eaux & Forêts, Faculté d’Agronomie, Université Abdou Moumouni de Niamey, B.P. 10960 Niamey, Niger
6 Département des Productions Végétales, Université ABDOU Moumouni, Faculté d’Agronomie, Niamey, Niger
Original language: French
Copyright © 2024 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Vigna subterranea (commonly known as bambara groundnut) is a neglected and underutilized crop, predominantly cultivated by women on small plots in West Africa. Despite its importance in rural areas, no improved varieties are available in the Sahel countries. Although used for both its edible grains and as forage by rural farmers, very few studies have focused on the forage potential of this species. This study aims to assess the genetic variability and heritability of biomass production traits in eight morphotypes of Vigna subterranea collected from southern Niger. The traits studied include plant height (PH), number of leaves (NL), number of branches (NB), and fresh biomass weight (FBW). The experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design with three replications. The Kruskal-Wallis test revealed a significant difference between the morphotypes only for fresh biomass weight (P = 0.002). However, substantial variability was observed for all traits studied. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variation (CVG) were particularly high for FBW (PCV = 79.78%, CVG = 64.4%) and low for PH (PCV = 13.07%, CVG = 5.99%). Broad-sense heritability ranged from 21% for PH to 65% for FBW, while genetic gain ranged from 1.36 for PH to 52.12 for FBW. These results indicate significant potential for the genetic improvement of these traits, which could enhance biomass productivity and resilience of Vigna subterranea. The implications of these findings for breeding programs are discussed.
Author Keywords: bambara groundnut, genetic variability, heritability, neglected and underutilized species, Niger, Vigna subterranea.
Abstract: (french)
Le voandzou (Vigna subterranea) est une plante négligée et sous-utilisée, principalement cultivée par des femmes sur de petites superficies en Afrique de l’Ouest. Malgré son importance en milieu rural, aucune variété améliorée n’est disponible au Niger. Bien qu’utilisé tant pour ses grains comestibles que comme fourrage, peu d’études se sont focalisées sur son potentiel fourrager. Cette étude vise à évaluer la variabilité génétique et l’héritabilité des traits de production de fourrage chez huit morphotypes de voandzou collectés dans le sud du Niger. Les traits étudiés incluent la hauteur des plantes (HP), le nombre de feuilles (NF), le nombre de branches (NB) et le poids de la biomasse fraîche (PBF). L’expérimentation a été menée selon un dispositif en blocs complets randomisés avec trois répétitions. Le test de Kruskal-Wallis a révélé une différence significative entre les morphotypes uniquement pour le poids de la biomasse fraîche (P = 0,002). Cependant, une variabilité a été observée pour tous les traits étudiés. Les coefficients de variation phénotypique (CVP) et génétique (CVG) étaient particulièrement élevés pour PBF (CVP = 79,78 %, CVG = 64,4 %) et faibles pour HP (CVP = 13,07 %, CVG = 5,99 %). L’héritabilité au sens large variait de 21 % pour HP à 65 % pour PBF, tandis que le gain génétique variait de 1,36 pour HP à 52,12 pour PBF. Ces résultats indiquent un potentiel pour l’amélioration génétique du rendement en biomasse, malgré la forte influence de l’environnement. Les implications des résultats pour les programmes de sélection sont discutées.
Author Keywords: voandzou, variabilité génétique, héritabilité, espèce négligée et sous-utilisée, Niger, Vigna subterranea.
How to Cite this Article
NAINO JIKA Abdel Kader, Bori Haoua, HACHIMOU SABO Mahaman Rabiou, Amadou Mounkaila Hamissou, Iro Dan Guimbo, and Ibrahim Amoukou, “Assessment of Genetic Variability and Forage Potential in Eight Morphotypes of Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea),” International Journal of Innovation and Scientific Research, vol. 74, no. 1, pp. 38–45, August 2024.
