[ Quantification and identification des bactéries potentiellement pathogènes dans les dépotoirs sauvages ]
Volume 58, Issue 2, January 2022, Pages 135–142
Balumisa Mubolwa Jules1, Gabriel Baguma Balagizi2, Rwabika Mushengezi Anicet3, Munundu Mwangaza Aline4, AKSANTI LWANGO5, Safari Cizungu Dieu-donné6, and Cubaka Kabagale Alfred7
1 Etudiant de 3ème cycle de la politique et socio-économie de gestion de l'environnement UEA/Bukavu, licencié en santé publique, RD Congo
2 Département d’Hydrobiologie, Faculté de Sciences, Université de Kisangani, B.P. 2012 Kisangani, RD Congo
3 ISP, GOMA, RD Congo
4 Centre Hydrobiologique d’Uvira, RD Congo
5 Assistant 1e mandant, ISTM/BUKAVU, RD Congo
6 Master en gestion de l’environnement, Politique-socio-économie de l’environnement, RD Congo
7 Laboratoire de Physiologie Végétale et de Microbiologie Appliquée, Université Officielle de Bukavu, BP: 570 Bukavu, RD Congo
Original language: French
Copyright © 2022 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
This part of our study focuses on the quantification and identification of potentially pathogenic bacteria from wild dumps in the municipality of Ibanda. The random sampling in the wild dumps was taken according to the standard of the Quebec expertise Center of environmental analysis (CEAEQ), which makes it possible to evaluate the average contamination of the environment. Hand and equipment desinfection was carried out using ethanol (70%). The bottles were placed in an isothermal bag (±4°C) and then immediately transported to the LPVMA/UOB laboratory for further treatment. We made decimal dilutions, from 100 to a 10-3 dilution. For each dilution and culture medium, Pétri dishes were inoculated in triplicate and incubation was carried out at 37°C in a Memert incubator for 24 hours. Microsoft Excel and Past softwares were used to calculate the means of each CFUs collection and to perform the nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test that compare the median of the data between columns. The results showed that FMAT germs were generally more frequent at all sites than Enterococci that were absent at more than half (60%) of the sites. Pseudomonas averaged 300 CFU/g10-6 at 5 out of 8 sites including DSELA, DSCA, DSMUSH, DSKM, and DSRGK. Salmonella and Shigella were present in all wild dumps with a maximum average value of 160 CFU/g10-6. Nonetheless they were poorly represented in the DSGB and DSCS sites. The DSELA site had more fecal and total coliforms than the DSKR site where they were absent. Enterococci were the most represented with 38.8% and 36.79% respectively in the DSCS and DSMUSH sites and coliforms are represented with 24.75% in the DSELA site. Yet Enterococci were absent in the DSELA, DSISP, DSRGK, DSPC, and DSKM sites where the absence of CFT was also reported. Concerning the prevalence of potentially pathogenic bacteria, Nyalukemba district was in the lead with 61.4% of Enterococci, followed by Ndendere district with 57.18% of fecal and total coliforms. The Ndendere district seems to be the most exposed to diseases potentially related to wild dumps, followed by the Panzi district depending on the prevalence of bacterial groups. On 10 sites explored, 8 genera were identified on the selective medium, namely Aeromonas, Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Escherichia, Pseudomonas, Serratia, Sphingomonas and Vibrio. The implementation of the 3Rs strategy (Reduce, Recycle, and Reuse) as well as the installation of a biomethanysation plant could reduce the consequences of waste on the population and the environment.
Author Keywords: quantification, identification, potentially pathogens bacteria, wild dumps.
Volume 58, Issue 2, January 2022, Pages 135–142
Balumisa Mubolwa Jules1, Gabriel Baguma Balagizi2, Rwabika Mushengezi Anicet3, Munundu Mwangaza Aline4, AKSANTI LWANGO5, Safari Cizungu Dieu-donné6, and Cubaka Kabagale Alfred7
1 Etudiant de 3ème cycle de la politique et socio-économie de gestion de l'environnement UEA/Bukavu, licencié en santé publique, RD Congo
2 Département d’Hydrobiologie, Faculté de Sciences, Université de Kisangani, B.P. 2012 Kisangani, RD Congo
3 ISP, GOMA, RD Congo
4 Centre Hydrobiologique d’Uvira, RD Congo
5 Assistant 1e mandant, ISTM/BUKAVU, RD Congo
6 Master en gestion de l’environnement, Politique-socio-économie de l’environnement, RD Congo
7 Laboratoire de Physiologie Végétale et de Microbiologie Appliquée, Université Officielle de Bukavu, BP: 570 Bukavu, RD Congo
Original language: French
Copyright © 2022 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
This part of our study focuses on the quantification and identification of potentially pathogenic bacteria from wild dumps in the municipality of Ibanda. The random sampling in the wild dumps was taken according to the standard of the Quebec expertise Center of environmental analysis (CEAEQ), which makes it possible to evaluate the average contamination of the environment. Hand and equipment desinfection was carried out using ethanol (70%). The bottles were placed in an isothermal bag (±4°C) and then immediately transported to the LPVMA/UOB laboratory for further treatment. We made decimal dilutions, from 100 to a 10-3 dilution. For each dilution and culture medium, Pétri dishes were inoculated in triplicate and incubation was carried out at 37°C in a Memert incubator for 24 hours. Microsoft Excel and Past softwares were used to calculate the means of each CFUs collection and to perform the nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test that compare the median of the data between columns. The results showed that FMAT germs were generally more frequent at all sites than Enterococci that were absent at more than half (60%) of the sites. Pseudomonas averaged 300 CFU/g10-6 at 5 out of 8 sites including DSELA, DSCA, DSMUSH, DSKM, and DSRGK. Salmonella and Shigella were present in all wild dumps with a maximum average value of 160 CFU/g10-6. Nonetheless they were poorly represented in the DSGB and DSCS sites. The DSELA site had more fecal and total coliforms than the DSKR site where they were absent. Enterococci were the most represented with 38.8% and 36.79% respectively in the DSCS and DSMUSH sites and coliforms are represented with 24.75% in the DSELA site. Yet Enterococci were absent in the DSELA, DSISP, DSRGK, DSPC, and DSKM sites where the absence of CFT was also reported. Concerning the prevalence of potentially pathogenic bacteria, Nyalukemba district was in the lead with 61.4% of Enterococci, followed by Ndendere district with 57.18% of fecal and total coliforms. The Ndendere district seems to be the most exposed to diseases potentially related to wild dumps, followed by the Panzi district depending on the prevalence of bacterial groups. On 10 sites explored, 8 genera were identified on the selective medium, namely Aeromonas, Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Escherichia, Pseudomonas, Serratia, Sphingomonas and Vibrio. The implementation of the 3Rs strategy (Reduce, Recycle, and Reuse) as well as the installation of a biomethanysation plant could reduce the consequences of waste on the population and the environment.
Author Keywords: quantification, identification, potentially pathogens bacteria, wild dumps.
Abstract: (french)
Cette partie de notre étude porte sur la quantification et identification des bactéries pathogènes des dépotoirs sauvages dans la commune d’Ibanda. Le choix d’échantillonnage aléatoire simple consistant à prélever des échantillons à des endroits dans les dépotoirs sauvages a été pris en compte suivant la norme du Centre d’expertise en analyse environnementale du Québec (CEAEQ) qui permet d’évaluer la contamination moyenne du milieu. La désinfection des mains et du matériel a été faite à l’éthanol (70%). Les bouteilles ont été placées dans un sac isotherme (±4°C) puis transportées immédiatement au LPVMA/UOB pour différents traitements, le jour même du terrain. Nous avons réalisé des dilutions décimales de 100 jusqu’ à 10-3. L’ensemencement s’est réalisé dans des boîtes de Pétri en triplicat sur différents milieux de culture et l’incubation a été effectuée à 37°C dans un incubateur Memert pendant 24 heures. Microsoft Excel et Past ont été utilisés respectivement pour calculer les moyennes et pour effectuer le test non-paramétrique de Kruskal-Wallis qui compare la médiane des données entre colonnes. Les résultats ont montré que les germes de la FMAT sont généralement plus fréquents sur tous les sites que les Entérocoques sont absents sur plus de la moitié (60%) des sites. Les Pseudomonas ont été en moyenne de 300 UFC/g10-6 sur 5 sur 8 sites dont DSELA, DSCA, DSMUSH, DSKM et DSRGK. Les Salmonella et Shigella étaient présents dans tous les dépotoirs sauvages avec une valeur moyenne maximale de 160 UFCg10-6. Le site DSELA a présenté plus de coliformes fécaux et totaux, catégories absentes surle site DSKR. Les entérocoques ont été les plus représentés, notamment sur les sites DSCS (38,8%) et DSMUSH (36,79%) puis les coliformes sur le site DSELA (24,75%). Les Salmonella-Shigellaont été faiblement représentés sur les sites DSGB et DSCS tandis que les entérocoques ont été absents sur les sites DSELA, DSISP, DSRGK, DSPC et DSKM comme aussi les CFT sur DSKM. En ce qui concerne la prévalence de ces bactéries dans les 3 quartiers de la commune d’Ibanda, Nyalukemba a été en tête pour les Entérocoques et Ndendere pour les coliformes fécaux et totaux. Le quartier Ndendere serait le plus potentiellement exposé aux maladies liées aux dépotoirs sauvages puis Panzi, suivant la prévalence des groupes des bactéries. Sur les 10 sites explorés, 8 genres bactériens ont été identifiés sur les milieux de culture sélectifs utilisés, à savoir Aeromonas, Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Escherichia, Pseudomonas, Serratia, Sphingomonas et Vibrio. La mise en application de la stratégie des 3R (Réduire, Recycler et Réutiliser) ainsi que l’installation d’une centrale de biométhanisation pourraient réduire les conséquences des déchets sur la population et sur l’environnement.
Author Keywords: quantification, identification, bactéries potentiellement pathogènes, dépotoirs sauvages.
How to Cite this Article
Balumisa Mubolwa Jules, Gabriel Baguma Balagizi, Rwabika Mushengezi Anicet, Munundu Mwangaza Aline, AKSANTI LWANGO, Safari Cizungu Dieu-donné, and Cubaka Kabagale Alfred, “Quantification and identification of potentially pathogenic bacteria in wild dumps,” International Journal of Innovation and Scientific Research, vol. 58, no. 2, pp. 135–142, January 2022.
