[ Capital Humain - Notion et Concept : Revue de littérature ]
Volume 46, Issue 2, January 2020, Pages 122–130
Jalila AIT SOUDANE1 and Fadoua OUALLAL2
1 Research Laboratory in Management Sciences, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco
2 Research Laboratory in Management Sciences, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco
Original language: French
Copyright © 2020 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Despite the efforts of theorists to define one’s human capital, this concept remains ambivalent. The development of human capital is at the heart of the economic and social development of any developed or developing nation. The key to the success of developed economies is to develop their population first, in that case, investing in people and then moving on to material investment. This development scheme should be promoted and applied by countries aspiring to their development in general. To contribute to human development, it is crucial to identify the concept of human capital and dissociate it from all other concepts related to material, while emphasizing the fact that this capital belongs to the person who holds it through its categorisation. This paper provides a brief review of the concept of human capital from its formulation by its founder Theodore Schultz (1961), to its development by various theorists, namely Gary Becker(1964), Marshall (1894), Spence (1973), Chamak and Fromage (2006), Lepak and Snell (1999), Galunic and Anderson (2000), Hitt (2001)…While seeking the common trait between theorists in that field. It focuses then on two variables considered relevant to human capital development, namely Education and Training. Moreover, through this paper, we proceed to set the concept of human capital in the Management Sciences as well as in some research streams and theories concerned by this concept, namely, neoclassical theory, endogenous growth theory, capabilities theory, complex labour theory and efficiency wage theory. It is also important to underline the continuity and relevance of this concept in an era where globalisation is an absolute reality, through studies and research carried out by international organisations such as the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development “OECD.”.
Author Keywords: human capital, human development, education, training, intangible capital.
Volume 46, Issue 2, January 2020, Pages 122–130
Jalila AIT SOUDANE1 and Fadoua OUALLAL2
1 Research Laboratory in Management Sciences, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco
2 Research Laboratory in Management Sciences, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco
Original language: French
Copyright © 2020 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Despite the efforts of theorists to define one’s human capital, this concept remains ambivalent. The development of human capital is at the heart of the economic and social development of any developed or developing nation. The key to the success of developed economies is to develop their population first, in that case, investing in people and then moving on to material investment. This development scheme should be promoted and applied by countries aspiring to their development in general. To contribute to human development, it is crucial to identify the concept of human capital and dissociate it from all other concepts related to material, while emphasizing the fact that this capital belongs to the person who holds it through its categorisation. This paper provides a brief review of the concept of human capital from its formulation by its founder Theodore Schultz (1961), to its development by various theorists, namely Gary Becker(1964), Marshall (1894), Spence (1973), Chamak and Fromage (2006), Lepak and Snell (1999), Galunic and Anderson (2000), Hitt (2001)…While seeking the common trait between theorists in that field. It focuses then on two variables considered relevant to human capital development, namely Education and Training. Moreover, through this paper, we proceed to set the concept of human capital in the Management Sciences as well as in some research streams and theories concerned by this concept, namely, neoclassical theory, endogenous growth theory, capabilities theory, complex labour theory and efficiency wage theory. It is also important to underline the continuity and relevance of this concept in an era where globalisation is an absolute reality, through studies and research carried out by international organisations such as the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development “OECD.”.
Author Keywords: human capital, human development, education, training, intangible capital.
Abstract: (french)
La pertinence de la notion du Capital Humain réside dans son ambivalence. Malgré les efforts fournis par les théoriciens à définir le capital humain d’un individu, cette notion reste ambigüe. Le développement du capital humain est le cœur du développement économique et social de toute nation. La clé de réussite des économies développée consiste à développer en premier lieu leur population en l’occurrence les gens, investir dans l’humain ensuite passer à l’investissement matériel. Ce schéma de développement, devrait être porté et appliqué par les pays qui aspirent à leur développement en général. D’où l’intérêt pour ce sujet. L’investissement dans l’humain ou mieux dire, le développement du Capital Humain est considéré comme étant un investissement durable et le retour sur investissement a un impact sur les générations futures. Le présent papier consiste à faire une revue sommaire de la notion du capital humain depuis sa formulation par son fondateur Theodore Schultz (1961) jusqu’au développement de cette notion par différents théoriciens à savoir Gary Becker (1964), date Marshall (1894), Spence (1973), Chamak et Fromage (2006), Lepak et Snell (1999), Galunic et Anderson (2000), Hitt (2001) … aussi, mettre l’accent sur le lien de parenté de la notion du Capital Humain selon la perception de chaque auteur. Par ailleurs, à travers cet article, il est important de souligner la continuité et la pertinence de ce concept dans une ère de globalisation absolue par le biais des études et recherches réalisées par des organismes internationaux tel que l’OCDE. Cet organisme a pris le relais quant au développement du concept de capital humain et continue à approfondir les recherches en la matière moyennant la réalisation des études et examen publiés dans son rapport intitulé les essentiels de l’OCDE - la Valeur des Gens (mai 2018) et autres rapports, en mettant la lumière sur l’importance du développement du Capital Humain en se basant sur les travaux des théoriciens dans ce domaine.
Author Keywords: capital humain, développement humain, éducation, formation, capital immatériel.
How to Cite this Article
Jalila AIT SOUDANE and Fadoua OUALLAL, “Human Capital - Notion and Concept : Theoretical review,” International Journal of Innovation and Scientific Research, vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 122–130, January 2020.
