This paper aims at a morpho-semantic analysis and socio-cultural interpretation of some Idjwi island pygmies'names related to antonymous circumstances. Names are most of the time attributed to pygmies according to the circumstances that surrounded the birth.
Like other Africans, particularly the bantu, pygmies consider the name as a global reality in the sense that it implicitly relate the circumstances of the birth: living conditions of the new baby's parents, the physical conditions, the time of the new baby's birth.
Pygmies are not discriminated through their names because they carry the same names as other members of other ethnic groups arround them. However, discrimination can be seen through the aspect of social relationships with the other ethnic groups. For instance, the bantu say that "Omurhwa arhajeka", i.e. a pygmy does not go at home. That is to say a pygmy cannot be married to a non pygmy, otherwise all the family members of the latter must die. Thus, the carrier of the name tends to behave accordingly in the society. This shows that a name has an impact to the future of the carrier. This paper tries to shed some light in this point.